sábado, 6 de junio de 2009

TIPOS DE GINGIVITIS

LA GINGIVITIS, es una enfermedad periodontal asociada a la Placa Dental “comunidad microbiana compleja” produciendo un desequilibrio entre los microorganismos y mecanismos de defensa del ser humano. El hospedero (bacteria) provoca el desarrollo de un nicho ecológico acumulado en la superficie dental, favoreciendo el crecimiento y la supervivencia de especies micro bacterianas que se depositan en la encía, específicamente en el contorno del tejido gingival, ocasionando la pérdida del tejido, la desadaptación del diente, inflamación, enrojecimiento y en casos muy complejos sangrado, perdida del tejido pulpar. Es aparentemente la más común de las enfermedades periodontales.

La gingivitis, también es causada en niños y se desarrolla produciendo complicaciones infecciosas causadas por mordidas, el introducir a la boca las manos contaminadas de bacterias. La gingivitis constituye una de estas complicaciones en oncología pediátrica.

La gingivitis se ocasiona mediante:

1. MALA HIGIENE ORAL.-contribuye al establecimiento de la placa bacteriana, ocasionado por el no cepillado continuo o lo que con frecuencia sucede que no saben las técnicas del cepillado dental. Y esto produce el disconfort que sienten los pacientes por el sangrado, inflamación... etc.

2. ESTRÉS.-ampliamente documentado por la prevalencia entre militares aumenta en condiciones que producen altos niveles de estrés, como, por ejemplo, un conflicto bélico, en personas que van a la guerra, o en universitarios en periodos de exámenes.

3. VIH.- Hay varios tipos de gingivitis que se pueden desarrollar en la juventud y otras que se desarrollan en personas infectadas con el VIH. Otro caso seria la de infeccion del VIH por medio de la NO esterilizacion de intrumental del odontologo ocacionando el contagio.

La mejor prevención de esta enfermedad es una correcta higiene bucal, un cepillado por lo menos dos veces por día y el uso del hilo dental, y tener cierta prevencion cuando acudamos al DR. quien deve tener todo sus materiales limpios y esterilizados para obtener un tratamiento eficaz.

PALABRAS CLAVE / Gingivitis / Neoplasias Linfohematopoyéticas / Neutropenia / Placa Dental /microorganismos anaerobios, periodontitis.


En las siguientes páginas encontraran mas información acerca de esta enfermedad.

(1) Peña T.,Delgado A. , Martinez Y. Nociones actuales sobre la flora microbiana del surco gingival. ISSN 0034-7507 versión on-line 2007 06/06/09;v.44(0034-7507):0034-7507. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1699-65852008000100005&lang=pt
(2) Pérez L. BA. Formas agudas de periodontitis. 2007 2008 06/06/09;v.20(1699-6585):1699-6585. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1699-65852008000100005&lang=pt
(3) zambrano R. , rojas , Navas R., Viera N, Tirado D.y Rivera L. RESPUESTA INFLAMATORIA GINGIVAL EN NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES CON NEOPLASIAS LINFOHEMATOPOYTICAS.. ISSN,0378-1844version impresa set.2002 06/05/09;v.27(0378-1844):0378-1844. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-75072007000300012&lang=pt

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